Green house effect

Climate change is the long-term alteration in Earth’s climate and weather patterns. It took nearly a century of research and data to convince the vast majority of the scientific community that human activity could alter the climate of our entire planet. In the 1800s, experiments suggesting that human-produced carbon dioxide (CO2) and other gases could collect in the atmosphere and insulate Earth were met with more curiosity than concern. By the late 1950s, CO2 readings would offer some of the first data to corroborate the global warming theory. Eventually an abundance of data, along with climate modeling and real-world weather events would show not only that global warming was real, but that it also presented a host of catastrophic consequences. Early Inklings That Humans Can Alter Global Climate Dating back to the ancient Greeks, many people had proposed that humans could change temperatures and influence rainfall by chopping down trees, plowing fields or irrigating a desert. One theory of climate effects, widely believed until the Accurate or not, those perceived climate effects were merely local. The idea that humans could somehow alter climate on a global scale would seem far-fetched for centuries. The Greenhouse Effect In the 1820s, French mathematician and physicist Joseph Fourier proposed that energy reaching the planet as sunlight must be balanced by energy returning to space since heated surfaces emit radiation. But some of that energy, he reasoned, must be held w...

Tyndall soon established that carbon dioxide and water vapour were among the gases that absorbed heat, and also that they radiated heat, the physical basis of the greenhouse effect. In making these discoveries, Tyndall set the foundation for our modern understanding of the greenhouse effect, climate change, meteorology, and weather. But, had he ‘discovered’ the greenhouse effect? And was he the first? Well, yes and no. To both questions. The ' What Tyndall had demonstrated unambiguously, and indeed for the first time, was He also realised the implications for understanding climate, writing: "if, as the above experiments indicate, the chief influence be exercised by aqueous vapour, every variation of this constituent must produce a change of climate. Similar remarks would apply to the carbonic acid [carbon dioxide] diffused through the air". And he went on: "Such changes may in fact have produced all the mutations of climate which the researches of geologists reveal". However, the actual existence of a greenhouse effect was already known. In 1824, Joseph Fourier had written that "the temperature [of the Earth] can be augmented by the interposition of the atmosphere, because heat in the state of light finds less resistance in penetrating the air, than in repassing into the air when converted into non-luminous heat". And in 1836, Claude Pouillet had written: "the atmospheric stratum…exercises a greater absorption upon the terrestrial than the solar rays". Tyndall acknowledged...

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Missourian In southeastern Louisiana, CF Industries’ Donaldsonville complex sits along the west bank of the Mississippi River. It is the world’s largest ammonia production facility and produces 8 million tons of nitrogen products each year. From the factory to the field, fertilizer is a significant source of heat-trapping gases. Can the industry lessen its footprint? A complex of industrial towers rises from the flat landscape at the edge of a highway here, its stacks and pipes snaking around each other. Workers in neon yellow vests and protective helmets navigate the maze in pickups while an industrial hum blankets the area. Manufactured clouds float above the nearby Mississippi River, where barges and ships move goods up- and downstream. This is CF Industries’ Donaldsonville Complex, the Scientific Reports, the synthetic nitrogen fertilizer supply chain is responsible for 2.1% of global heat-trapping gas emissions – greater than Menegat, Ledo and Tirado, 2022 The greenhouse gases from the lifecycle of fertilizer consist of emissions from fertilizer production, transportation and use. The Donaldsonville plant alone is the According to the study, only about 41% of emissions come from the process of making and shipping fertilizer from industrial facilities like the one here. The majority come from emissions generated from farm fields after the fertilizer is spread. The root of the problem: Some farmers are applying more fertilizer than what is needed for optimal plant growt...

The origins of the term greenhouse effectare unclear. French mathematician greenhouse effectbased on his conclusion in 1824 that Earth’s atmosphere functioned similarly to a “hotbox”—that is, a heliothermometer (an insulated wooden box whose lid was made of transparent glass) developed by Swiss physicist greenhouse effectnor credited atmospheric gases with keeping Earth warm. Swedish physicist and physical chemist Despite its name, the greenhouse effect is different from the warming in a greenhouse. Theatmosphereallows most of the visible light from the Credit: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Without the heating caused by the greenhouse effect, Earth’s average surface temperature would be only about −18 °C (0 °F). On Venus the very high concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes an extreme greenhouse effect resulting in surface temperatures as high as 450 °C (840 °F). Without the heating caused by the greenhouse effect, Earth’s average surface temperature would be only about −18 °C (0 °F). Although the greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon, it is possible that the effect could be intensified by the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as the result of human activity. From the beginning of theIndustrial Revolutionthrough the end of the 20th century, the amount ofcarbon dioxidein the atmosphere increased by roughly 30 percent and the amount ofmethanemore than doubled. A number of scientists have predicted that human-related increases i...

To understand the basics of the Greenhouse Effect and why it is so important for the Earth, there are only a few things you need to know, some of which are already probably familiar. You know that when you stand in sunlight, you feel warmer than when you are in shadow, so you can feel that the light (radiant energy) the sun gives off carries energy that can warm an object—you. Although you usually cannot see it, all objects give off radiant energy and you can sometimes feel this energy. For example, if there is a pot of hot water on your stove, you can feel the radiant energy it gives off without touching it. You usually call what you feel “heat,” but it is more accurate to think of it as a kind of invisible light called “infrared radiation” that warms your skin, just like the sunlight. The amount of infrared radiation energy a warmed object gives off depends on its temperature—the higher the temperature, the more energy is given off. As you know, you can easily distinguish between a warm object and a hot object by holding your hand near the objects and feeling the difference in heating effect on your skin. These ideas are basic to understanding the energy balance between the sun and the Earth. Just as sunlight warms you, it warms the surface of the Earth as well. The Earth does not continue to get hotter and hotter as it absorbs energy from the sun, because it gives off energy to space as invisible infrared radiation. In order to come into energy balance, the amount of in...