Describe one example of adaptive radiation

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According to the Darwinian selection theory. When the bacteria are grown in culture that have a certain antibiotic, most of the bacteria are killed but some of them develop a mutation which provides resistance against the antibiotic . With time the bacterial population having antibiotic resistance will increase and outgrow the population of the non-resistant bacteria. Thus a new species that has antibiotic resistance will be selected against the original one. There are many animals other than humans, which have self consciousness. An example of an animal being self conscious is dolphins. They are highly intelligent. They have sense of self and they also recognize dolphins within their community and others beings like humans. They communicate with each other by whistles, tail-slapping, and other body movements. Not only dolphins, there are certain other animals such as crow, parrot, chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, etc., which exhibit self-consciousness. Adaptive radiation isprocess of evolution of differentspecies in a given geographical area starting from a point and literallyradiating to other areas of geography (habitats). This process occurs due to natural selection. An example of adaptive radiation is Darwin finches, found in Galapagos Island. A large variety of finches is present in Galapagos Island that arose from a single species, which reached this land accidentally. As a result, many new species evolved, diverged, and adapted to occupy new habitats. These finches ...

Adaptive radiation is an evolutionary process that produces new species from a single, rapidly diversifying lineage. This process occurs due to natural selection. Adaptive radiation generally occurs when an organism enters a new area and different traits affect its survival.this divergence happens in a relatively short interval of geological time.

Adaptive radiation is an evolutionary process that produces new species from a single, rapidly diversifying lineage. This process occurs due to natural selection. An example of adaptive radiation is Darwin finches, found in Galapagos Island. A large variety of finches is present in Galapagos Island that arose from a single species, which reached this land accidentally. As a result, many new species have evolved, diverged, and adapted to occupy new habitats. These finches have developed different eating habits and different types of beaks to suit their feeding habits. The insectivorous, blood sucking, and other species of finches with varied dietary habits have evolved from a single seed eating finch ancestor. Categories • • (31.9k) • (8.8k) • (764k) • (248k) • (2.9k) • (5.2k) • (664) • (121k) • (72.1k) • (3.8k) • (19.6k) • (1.4k) • (14.2k) • (12.5k) • (9.3k) • (7.7k) • (3.9k) • (6.7k) • (63.8k) • (26.6k) • (23.7k) • (14.6k) • (25.7k) • (530) • (84) • (766) • (49.1k) • (63.8k) • (1.8k) • (59.3k) • (24.5k)

Adaptive radiation: • Adaptive radiation is a rapid increase in the number of species having a common ancestor. • It is characterized by great morphological and ecological diversity. • The main reason behind adaptive radiation is the adaptation of organisms to new ecological niches. Example of adaptive radiation: • An example of adaptive radiation is Darwin's finches or the Galapagos finches. • It was found that during evolution, the morphology and size of the beaks of Darwin's finches changed. • Due to changes in their beak size their food habits also changed, few ate small animals or insects while others fed on plants.

The major evolutionary trend of horses (i) General increase (with occasional decrease) in size. (ii) Progressive loss of toes. (iii) Lengthening of toes that are retained. (iv) Lengthening of limbs in general. (v)Enlargement of brain (especially cerebral hemisphere). (vi)Increase in the height. (vii) Increase in the complexity of molar teeth and an enlargement of the last two and, eventually, the last three premolars until they came to resemble molars. Evolution of horse. Top row shows change in form and size of the body. Second row show reduction in lateral toes of hind and forelimbs. The right figure in each set of two is of the forefoot, the left of the hindfoot. Third row shows change in form and size of skull. During human evolution, ancestral human types had undergone a number of remarkable changes in their brain size (cranial cavity), skeletal features, dietary preference, etc., as shown in the following table : Human type Cranial cavity Skeletal features Dietary preference (i) Australopithecus (ii) Homo habilis (iii) Homo erectus (iv) H. sapiens neanderthalensis (v)H.sapiens fossilis (vi)H. sapiens sapiens 600 cm 3 735 cm 3(650 - 800 cm 3) 870 cm 3(750 - 900 cm 3) 1400 cm 3(1300 -1600 cm 3) 1660 cm 3 1450 -1650 cm 3 Prognathous, well developed supra-orbital ridges and chinless -do- -do- - do- Flat forehead, no supraorbital ridges, chin present. -do- Primarily fruit-feeder but also hunted with stones. Primarily herbivorous. Primarily a meateater. Primarily carnivoro...

• • • • • • • • • • • Introduction To Adaptive Radiation Adaptive radiation is an evolutionary process in which an ancestral form gives rise to new species adapted to new habitats and new ways of life. In adaptive radiation, a population of ancestral species can separate itself into a new habitat, new lifestyle, and new resources to form many separate descendant species populations over the period of millions of years of evolution. Adaptive radiation usually occurs when the ancestral population of a species gets new exploitable resources. Adaptive radiation is a type of macroevolution because it leads to speciation that is the formation of new species. In such an evolutionary process, the ancestor species shows various small adaptations to its environment and gradually becomes different from the ancestor species after achieving many of such small adaptations altogether. Adaptive radiation is a type of Natural Selection that causes divergent evolution. Below there are some of the most prominent examples of adaptive radiation that will help you understand the concept of adaptive radiation better and precisely… Examples of Adaptive Radiation Example 1. Australian Marsupials and Placental Mammals Adaptive radiation can also be seen in the placental mammals of Australia. It can be studied by understanding placental mammals and their marsupial counterparts. Parallel adaptive radiation is shown by Placental mammals as they have evolved from other marsupial mammals and the resembl...

1. Discuss convergent and divergent evolution. Review the difference between convergence and divergence. On the board, sketch paths coming together (convergence) and one path splitting in two directions (divergence). Tell students that as part of evolution, species can converge and diverge over time. Just as species that are not closely related—such as birds, bats, and pterosaurs—can over time develop characteristics such as wings to help them survive, species can also diverge. A new species of pterosaur can break off from a population, as new features evolve that set species apart from one another. Allow students to ask any questions. Then explain that, in this activity, students will explore what happens as part of divergent evolution. Then they will use presentation software to create a summary slide about how divergent evolution relates to pterosaurs. 2. Analyze pterosaur skull structure. Divide students into pairs. Give each pair the two-page Pterosaur Species handout. Have them glance at the pictures of the pterosaur heads briefly. Ask: What do you notice about the heads? Accept a variety of ideas and descriptions, and guide students to the simple realization that these animals are both very similar and very different. Ask students to relate the characteristics of the skulls to each animal's likely food and habitat. Note that the beaks vary; some have teeth, are pointed, are duck-like, or are rounded. Guide students to recognize that different mouths enable access to...